To secure-delete a file, move it to the trash and choose Secure Empty Trash from the Finder menu. So, for example, if you secure-delete a small text document, it will take a split second, but if you do so for a 2GB movie file, it will take a number of seconds to complete. Keep in mind that this process will take far longer to do than a basic deletion, and its time frame will depend on the file size. This will perform a multipass overwrite of the file's contents with random data, before the system finally removes the file. If your file is still available, then the first option is to secure-delete it using the Secure Empty Trash option in the Finder. The Secure Empty Trash option is in the Finder application menu However, Apple does offer a few approaches for removing the residual data from a file that you are going to delete, or which has already been deleted. This means that if you store an important document on an external hard drive and then decide to delete the file, its contents will still be on the drive and may be recoverable. However, while this logically deletes the file, on conventional hard drives the data structure of the file is still intact and with special data recovery software can be read through and potentially recovered.
When you delete files in OS X, by default the system will simply remove the file's entry from the drive's index, which simply allocates the space used by the file as free for other uses.
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